![]() ![]() This diagnosis deals with people who lie deliberately about having physical or psychological disorders. The only diagnosis in the current system where a symptom of purposeless, internally motivated deception occurs is specified as factitious disorder. Pathological liars do not show these anti-social behaviors they may lie because they think their life is not interesting enough. Narcissists think they have achieved perfection and are unempathetic to others. Unlike those with histrionic personality, pathological liars are more verbally dramatic than sexually flamboyant. Pathological liars do not feel rejected they have high levels of self-assurance that help them lie successfully. The difference between borderline personality disorder (BPD) and pathological liars is that BPD patients try to cope with their fear of abandonment, mistreatment, or rejection by making empty threats of suicide or false accusations of abandonment. People affected by antisocial disorder lie for external personal gain in the forms of money, sex, and power. This is different from psychopaths, who experience none of those reactions. It has been shown through lie detector tests that pathological liars exhibit arousal, stress, and guilt from their deception. The ICD-10 disorder Haltlose personality disorder is strongly tied to pathological lying. Pathological lying is listed in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), although only as a symptom of other disorders such as antisocial, narcissistic, and histrionic personality disorders, not as a stand-alone diagnosis. Some psychiatrists distinguish compulsive from pathological lying, while others consider them equivalent yet others deny the existence of compulsive lying altogether this remains an area of considerable controversy. For example, the person might be presented as being fantastically brave, as knowing or being related to many famous people, or as having great power, position, or wealth. The liar "decorates their own person" by telling stories that present them as the hero or the victim. The stories are presented in a way in which the liar is portrayed in a favourable manner.An internal motive for the behavior cannot be readily discerned clinically: e.g., long-lasting extortion or habitual spousal battery might cause a person to lie repeatedly, without the lying being a pathological symptom.Characteristics ĭefining characteristics of pathological lying include: Definition Ĭurtis and Hart (2020) defined pathological lying as "a persistent, pervasive, and often compulsive pattern of excessive lying behavior that leads to clinically significant impairment of functioning in social, occupational, or other areas causes marked distress poses a risk to the self or others and occurs for longer than 6 months" (p. 63). Stanley Hall and in 1891 by Anton Delbrück. The phenomenon was first described in medical literature in 1890 by G. ![]() While theories have explored potential causes, the precise factors contributing to pathological lying have yet to be determined. Some researchers have suggested a biopsychosocial- developmental model to explain this concept. Various theories have been proposed to explain the causes of pathological lying, including stress, an attempt to shift locus of control to an internal one, and issues related to low self-esteem. However, efforts have been made to establish diagnostic criteria based on research and assessment data, aligning with the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM). The lack of widely agreed-upon description or diagnostic criteria for pathological lying has contributed to the controversy surrounding its definition. In psychology and psychiatry, there is an ongoing debate regarding whether pathological lying should be classified as a distinct disorder or viewed as a symptom of other underlying conditions. Individuals who engage in pathological lying often claim to be unaware of the motivations behind their lies. It involves a pervasive pattern of intentionally making false statements with the aim of deceiving others, sometimes without a clear or apparent reason. Pathological lying, also known as mythomania (from Greek μυθομανία) and pseudologia fantastica ( Latin for "fantastic pseudology"), is a chronic behavior characterized by the habitual or compulsive tendency to lie.
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